Which of the following regions has a high population density but a low level of economic development? Physical causes of uneven development include climate, natural resource curse theory, and being landlocked. Includes retailing, tourism, entertainment, communications, government, and semi-public services (Health, Education, and Utilities). Let's look further into these consequences of uneven development, with some examples, too. Can teach locals new skills. International migration can also make development worse; more educated people tend to leave LICs searching for better opportunities elsewhere. d. change in demand The precautionary principle: This principle states that when there is a risk of serious or irreversible harm to the environment or human health, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason to postpone measures to prevent that harm. Mixed economy: A mixed economy is a hybrid system that combines elements of both market and command economies. On January 1, 2013, Ameen Company purchased a building for $36 million. We measure development in Geography by using development indicators. The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe the division of the world into three segments. Example: in charge of bus departures times, A company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located. Pull factors are the reasons why another country may be more attractive. endstream endobj startxref Two features of a sustainable city include walkability and green infrastructure. the division of the world into major economic centers, centers of manufacturing, and extremely poor communities. See the Inequality Adjusted Development Index from the U.N. Development levels differ all around the world, and development can take place at different speeds. AP Human Geo - 7.8 Sustainable Development | Fiveable For example, as more people consume goods and services, the production and disposal of waste can lead to increased pollution. Population Distribution: AP Human Geography Crash Course - Albert The second sentence says that the people that buy these goods, also known as consumers, buy goods/services that they need and want. Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. It is where natural resources are located. C) Describe one way in which a lack of access to resources can impact the quality of life. What are some of the economic causes of uneven development? Countries that have a colonial history have lower development levels today. Go ahead and read the Changing economic world explanation to understand more about the different types of development indicators and how they are used. Infant Mortality Rate is the number of children that die under the age of 1, per 1000 births. Refer to the information in the first quick study of this chapter and assume the periodic inventory system is used. C) Explain two environmental consequences of population growth, providing an example of each. The SDGs, which are also known as the Global Goals, aim to create a more sustainable and equitable world for present and future generations. transport network, money from farming, power supplies, communications Lack of investment By the MDCs continues to keep these countries in poverty Uneven development is a global issue. is a measure of inequality developed by an Italian statistician. Investment made by a foreign company in the economy of another country. It can provide opportunities to learn about the history and traditions of local communities and to appreciate the cultural diversity of different regions. It analyzes spatial interdependencies between social interactions and the environment through qualitative and . The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry. The AP Human Geography test is two hours and 15 minutes long. What are some of the challenges to closing the development gap? (F) Explain how uneven development within a state can act as a centrifugal force. In the 1950s, many countries became independent and removed their colonial ties. In the United States, for example, Silicon Valley in CALIFORNIA is a core area where high-technology businesses are clustered. The Development Gap shows the difference between richer and poorer countries. Development gaps also exist within countries (uneven development) between rich and poor. (A) Define the concept of a state and describe two characteristics of a state. The free-response question no stimulus found there reads as follows: In most countries, the concept of the state as a political unit is subject to the tensions between centrifugal and centripetal forces. In the poorest parts of the world the vast majority of the population is engaged in primary economic activities like farming, fishing, hunting, and mining. Answer: Two economic consequences of urbanization include increased job opportunities and increased income inequality. a country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of economic development, a country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development. (F) Explain the concept of a supranational organization and describe one example of such an organization. These sources are considered renewable because they are not depleted when used, unlike fossil fuels, which are finite resources that will eventually be depleted. Cities have wealthier people and a larger middle class in China and Japan, for example. Adventure tourism: This type of ecotourism involves participating in activities such as rafting, kayaking, and rock climbing in natural settings. Historical causes can be exampled by colonialism. Having a coastline can mean that countries have good access to sea trade routes, as well as direct industries, such as fishing, which can improve economic growth. You could find that on Google or in your textbook, but what does that really mean? This is vastly uneven globally; let's take a look at some of the reasons why. An example of agglomeration is the concentration of industries in a specific area or region. For example, the concentration of automobile manufacturing in Detroit, Michigan was due in part to the availability of iron and coal in the region, as well as the presence of the Great Lakes, which made it easier to transport raw materials and finished products. Answer: A lack of access to resources, such as clean water, can impact the quality of life as it can lead to health problems and reduced productivity. Check out the video below whichshows how countries are pulling themselves out of poverty. Market economy: A market economy is one in which the production and distribution of goods and services are determined by the laws of supply and demand in a free market. Renewable energy has several benefits over non-renewable energy sources. E) Describe one way in which technology can be used to address resource distribution challenges. McDonald's has restaurants in over 100 countries and generates a significant portion of its revenue from international operations. An example of a historical push factor is the Irish potato famine, which led many Irish people to emigrate to other countries. =40,95=40,95=40,95 percent confidence, b. d.f.=80,95d . The goal of JIT is to reduce waste, improve efficiency, and lower costs by reducing the amount of inventory that a company needs to hold. The effects of suburbanization are declining central city use, uneven development, declining park space, and pollution as suburban and urban sprawl both continue. - Less developed countries. Centripetal vs. Centrifugal Forces: AP Human Geography Crash Course Ecotourism can provide economic opportunities for these communities and help to preserve their cultural traditions. How does climate affect uneven development? An example of population distribution is the fact that China's natural physical conditions resulted in uneven population distribution. Alternative to international trade that emphasizes small businesses and worker owned and democratically run cooperatives and requires employers to pay workers fair wages, permit union organizing, and comply with minimum environmental and safety standards. A growth pole is a specific area or sector that drives economic development in a region. It is also a domestic source of energy that can reduce a country's dependence on foreign sources of fossil fuels. the state of relying on or needing someone or something for aid, support. It can also force people to leave a country. That statement would have been awarded one point. Uneven development can cause a larger gap between the rich and poor within countries, too. Population growth is a global phenomenon that has significant environmental and social implications. If they are landlocked, there is no coastal access, blocking them off, and limiting opportunities for sea trade. Push factors are reasons why people want to move away from a country. We can reduce uneven development by closing the development gap. People are living in every corner of the world. Going down to even smaller scales, within a city core and peripheral areas can be spatially designated. Examples of centrifugal and centripetal force are found in religion, language, ethnic culture, government, and physical geography. Life expectancy is generally much higher in HICs. Definitions for Topics 7.1-7.8. (Round per unit costs to three decimals, but inventory balances to the dollar.). This describes the way that people become stuck in a vicious cycle of being poor. Coffee beans are a raw material. AP Human Geography Course - AP Central | College Board Improve maternal health combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases. For instance, migrants may send money back to their home countries, providing an important source of income, but they may also compete with local workers for jobs. Round your answer to the nearest cent. This is because the primary objective is to make money from that resource, rather than focusing on ways to improve development. Semi-periphery areas. Raw materials are materials that other things are made from. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. A Packet made by Mr. Sinn to help you succeed not only on the AP Te. The Sun Belt has historically been an attractive destination for migrants and retirees, and has also attracted businesses due to its lower labor and land costs. Answer: Two economic consequences of migration include increased remittances and potential job displacement. (G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address the challenges of political geography. A contemporary pull factor for migration is the availability of job opportunities in a particular country. Additionally, as populations grow, more land may be cleared for agriculture or urban development, leading to deforestation and loss of habitat. The middle countries (not LDC or MDC)- starting to industrialize. Where is a good example of tourism helping to close the development gap? It has been criticized for its impact on local cultures and economies, as well as for its environmental and labor practices. The effects of uneven development include wealth disparities, health disparities, and international migration. The second most expensive house in the world (after Buckingham Palace) is placed directly next to one of Mumbai's slums. People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in _____________. Causes and consequences of uneven development - BBC Life expectancy is generally much higher in HICs. A) Explain the concept of urbanization and identify two historical factors that have contributed to the growth of urban areas. Click on the map if you would like to enlarge it. %%EOF Reducing the development gap is vital for reducing uneven development. One example of a policy designed to promote sustainable development in the face of population growth is the implementation of renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar power, which can. Review Session #1: AP Human Geography. For instance, in areas without access to clean water, people may spend significant time and effort collecting water, reducing their ability to pursue education or other economic opportunities. The development process takes place at different speeds. International migration is the movement of people across borders. For example, as populations grow, more people may move to urban areas, leading to increased social isolation and changes in community dynamics. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including technological change, globalization, and shifts in consumer demand. Does that sound easy enough to understand? Uneven distribution of a natural resource, such as oil, can impact economic development as countries with access to the resource may become wealthier while countries without access may struggle to compete economically. Assume an income tax rate of 40%. Many villages in Ghana don't have access to clean water. Environmental determinists believe that ecological, climatic, and geographical factors alone are responsible for human cultures and individual decisions . - More developed countries, use the resources of the periphery to continue their success. Example: Canada. Cultural and historical sites: These are sites that are significant for their cultural, historical, or archeological value and can provide opportunities for ecotourism activities such as heritage tours and cultural experiences. One example of post-Fordist production is the use of 3D printing to manufacture customized products on demand. In this unit, you will examine how supply and demand affect how a country can improve standards of living and how different economic systems can help citizens of a country gain more or less equality. Many of these resources are used for energy production or are the base materials in manufacturing. There are several key principles of sustainable development, including: Intergenerational equity: This principle refers to the idea that the needs of future generations should be considered when making decisions about the use of natural resources. Free AP Human Geography Flashcards about Unit 07 Vocabulary In Bangladesh, ___ were used to filter out cholera from water. In Egypt, for . Post-Fordist production is a term used to describe the shift away from mass production and towards more flexible, customized, and knowledge-intensive forms of production. The value is the average of three statistics: basic literacy rate, infant mortality, and life expectancy at age one, all equally weighted on a 0 to 100 scale. Prepare the appropriate journal entry to record Ameens 2016 income taxes. roads, power supply, sewerage etc. Core and Periphery, Two Types That Make the World This can be on an economic scale, based upon the general wealth of the country. Other examples of cities in the Sun Belt include Tampa, Florida; Dallas, Texas; and Las Vegas, Nevada. The differences in development across the world, and how development takes place at different speeds. AP Human Geo - 7.0 Unit 7 Overview: Industrial and Economic Development It can take place in a variety of settings, such as national parks, wildlife reserves, and coastal areas. It can provide opportunities to challenge oneself and to appreciate the natural beauty and adventure of different regions. The Sun Belt is a region of the United States that includes the southeastern and southwestern states and is known for its warm climate and rapid population and economic growth. D) Describe two environmental consequences of urbanization, providing an example of each. Newly Industrialised Countries (NICs) are countries which are becoming more industrialised, moving away from agricultural production toward manufacturing industries. hbbd```b``> "I0&HveL~`:LGMs\9 R*_" H4P$zEA"_00120M "?c F) Explain the concept of sustainable development and describe one example of a policy or program designed to promote sustainable development in the face of population growth. It is characterized by a strong reliance on agriculture, trade, and the bartering of goods and services. =)=\infty)=). Test your knowledge with gamified quizzes. development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. PDF AP HUMAN GEOGRAPHY 2007 SCORING GUIDELINES - College Board No points are deducted for wrong or blank answers on the exam. 5) Age of mass consumption - People have more wealth and so buy services and goods (consumer society), welfare systems are fully developed, trade expands, 1). There are many causes of uneven development; physical (climate, the natural resource curse, and landlocked countries), economic (the cycle of poverty, global trading systems), and historical (colonialism). Maquiladoras are a controversial form of economic development, as they can provide jobs and economic growth in the host country, but are also accused of exploiting cheap labor and undermining local businesses. Unit 5 AP Human Geo MCQ | Geography - Quizizz Uneven development describes the way development differs across the world, and takes place at different speeds. processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology: generate more wealth than periphery process in the word economy. Sell the product from secondary, also - the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment, such as lawyer, doctor. Country that has recently established an industrialized economy based on manufacturing and global trade. Development levels differ around the world. Disease causes sickness (and death), meaning people cannot go to work. A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of economic development. Example: Can provide loans to places in Sub-saharan Africa. What are some physical causes of uneven development? Economic causes include the cycle of poverty and global trading systems. Turns natural resource into something else (product for sale). Answer: Globalization can impact resource distribution by creating an increased demand for certain resources, leading to increased extraction and export of those resources from certain regions. E) Analyze the relationship between urbanization and globalization, providing at least one example of how globalization has influenced urbanization patterns. In some cases, this can result in conflict or civil unrest. Promote gender equality and empower women. Answer: Language has been used to maintain or challenge power structures by shaping the ways in which people communicate and understand the world around them. Take a look at the Closing the Development Gap explanation for more on this topic. The consequences of uneven development are wealth disparities, health disparities and international migration. Pretax accounting income for 2016 was$45 million. This decline has been due in part to the outsourcing of manufacturing to countries with lower labor costs, as well as automation and other technological changes that have reduced the need for labor. Warmer climates can increase disease prevalence, which can affect the workforce and therefore slow economic development. It is characterized by a mix of private enterprise and government control. An example of deindustrialization is the decline of the manufacturing sector in the United States in recent decades. The total value of goods and services produced within the borders of a country during a specific time period, usually one year. It is recommended that you spend approximately one-third of your time (25 minutes) on each question. Answer: Two social or cultural consequences of migration include increased cultural diversity and potential social tensions. (B) Explain how ethnicity can be a factor that leads to the devolution of a state. But why is this the case? 3) Control stage - Management now gains control over the technology's resources by implementing formal control processes and standards that stifle almost all new projects. F) Explain the concept of assimilation and describe one example of a policy or program designed to promote assimilation among migrants. Each goal is accompanied by a set of specific targets and indicators to help measure progress. Answer: Globalization has had a significant impact on state sovereignty by promoting greater economic and political interdependence among states. Find the unit price for each item listed. Examples: lawyers, scientific companies, etc. Investing in education and training is one way to improve human capital and promote economic development. All Ive done is prompted ChatGPT as described above, and then with what ChatGPT returned, produced this post. Governments are often challenged by the devolutionary factors that challenge state sovereignty. How close is the ttt-value to the corresponding zzz-value (at the bottom of the column for d.f. Wildlife watching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and photographing wildlife in their natural habitat. Example: the literacy rate of the US is high, The value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it. HUMAN GEOGRAPHY SECTION II Time1 hour and 15 minutes Percent of total score50 Directions: You have 1 hour and 15 minutes to answer all three of the following questions. the average period that a person may expect to live. (F) Explain the concept of linguistic imperialism and describe one example of its impact on language diversity. Answer: A dialect is a variation of a language that is specific to a particular region or social group. To find out more about the inequalities in China and their. Birdwatching: This type of ecotourism involves observing and identifying birds in their natural habitat. Industrialization and Economic Growth will give power to some but will hurt others through the process of Uneven Development. An example of how it can be used to manipulate political outcomes is the drawing of congressional districts in the United States, where the boundaries of districts are often manipulated to create safe seats for one party or the other. At December 31, 2015, the book value of the building was$30 million and its tax basis was $20 million. For example, multinational corporations may invest in urban areas to take advantage of cheaper labor, leading to increased urbanization in those areas. endstream endobj 439 0 obj <>>>/EncryptMetadata false/Filter/Standard/Length 128/O(Q.`;RvqL)/P -1324/R 4/StmF/StdCF/StrF/StdCF/U(VpKS% )/V 4>> endobj 440 0 obj <>>>/Lang(|VZT;p&p I]$y|k)/MarkInfo 463 0 R/Metadata 41 0 R/OpenAction 441 0 R/Outlines 60 0 R/Pages 436 0 R/StructTreeRoot 61 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 441 0 obj <> endobj 442 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Thumb 34 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 443 0 obj <>stream The map above shows Brazil's regional Human Development Index. %PDF-1.7 % Demand and prices can change for these products; if there is an increased supply of the raw materials, then the price will be much lower. 4) Data administration stage. True or false: microfinance loans can help individuals escape poverty. D) Analyze the relationship between globalization and resource distribution, providing at least one example of how globalization can impact the distribution of resources. E) Analyze the relationship between migration and political issues such as nationalism, citizenship, and border control. This is because healthcare is typically better, with more access to doctors, and investment into this sector is higher. Uneven development can result in large health disparities. Answer: Gerrymandering is the process of manipulating the boundaries of electoral districts to benefit a particular political party or group. nLy,En[SP More industrialized. The Trans Atlantic slave trade caused uneven development as the African continent was bled of its human resources. (C)Describe one example of a boundary dispute and explain the factors that contribute to boundary disputes. It ultimately undermined local economies and political stability as villages' vital labour was shipped overseas preventing an agricultural revolution. - The data handled by the new technology are recognized as important resource and so efforts are made to manage the data Other examples of transnational corporations include Coca-Cola, Disney, Nike, and ExxonMobil. Uneven development can result in differences in wealth, and access to healthcare. Answer: Two environmental consequences of population growth include increased pollution and deforestation. The Expert's Guide to the AP Human Geography Exam - PrepScholar The access to health, or the amount of comfort/leisure and feelings of safety. Births plus deaths divided by immigration B. AP Human Geography - Unit 3 - Development Flashcards | Quizlet
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