This site uses cookies to optimize functionality and give you the best possible experience. In the Global South there is a huge research gap in linking the social movements and power dynamics within the societies. All rights reserved. None of this implies that the military has monopolized violence. Nevertheless, a large security presence has been established in Tamil areas, justified by the specter of resurgent revolt, and state forces have not been held accountable for past human rights abuses. With this knowledge, they can identify some of the early signs of mental health issues. We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face. In a complex, changing, and increasingly contested world, the Carnegie Endowment generates strategic ideas and independent analysis, supports diplomacy, and trains the next generation of international scholar-practitioners to help countries and institutions take on the most difficult global problems and safeguard peace. -- Volume 33, Number 2, July 2018, Editorial Board In this context, this essay explores whether and how there is contestation in the south Asian social movements. While it has not disappeared and still has the potential for a major resurgence, there has been a dramatic fall from its high point of influence. 2 Both can be accessed at https://satp.org/. The region is characterised by rapidly changing socioeconomic scenario, fast-increasing Non-state armed groups can bolster rather than undermine state power. In India and Sri Lanka, mob violence and vigilantism have occurred with the connivance or tacit neglect of leading political parties. Riots between Hindu and Muslim groups in India killed over a thousand people in 2002. Forged from a partnership between a university press and a library, Project MUSE is a trusted part of the academic and scholarly community it serves. A chart showing the death rate of diarrheal diseases in Bangladesh going down as the percentage of people in Bangladesh using at least basic sanitation services goes up over the years. But since the Soviet Unions collapse in 1991, Russian language instruction in schools has substantially decreased, Russian media is now hard to come by, and many of Central Asias younger generations are instead opting today to pursue the languages of rising powers like China. %PDF-1.4 % While there is a heavy security force presence in the region, there has also been space for long-running ceasefires and negotiations that reduce violence even when they do not fully resolve contested political issues. 2715 North Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland, USA 21218. These trajectories matter because political exclusion and partial democracies marked by factionalism can contribute to revolt, especially when combined with a potentially more volatile international environment. Some may still follow through with their desires in secrecy, but live in a constant fear of being found out. In Sri Lanka, the period of victory over the LTTE and its aftermath saw autocratization under the rule of the Rajapaksa family, a trend that changed when a new government came to power in 2015. The major insurgencies in India have seen a downward trend in lethal violence; the TTP has been badly degraded; the Tamil Tigers have been destroyed; Nepals Maoists have been incorporated into a new Nepali political system; and Bangladeshs descent into competitive authoritarianism has been grimly accompanied by a reduction in direct anti-state violence.1. State of Social Movements in South Asia: Critical Nowhere is this trend clearer than in language. People and Society - South & Central Asia | World101 Existing violence data is not adequate to make fine-grained claims: it is likely that official records undercount civilian deaths, and both media and government reports can be highly unreliable in their distinctions between civilians and militants. trailer Secondly, policymakers can de-risk migration through several means including more flexible visa policies, mechanisms to support migrant workers during shocks, and social protection programs. The first is in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), where insurgency arose in the late 1980s following a rigged state assembly election and has continued ever since at varying levels of intensity. You are leaving the website for the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie's global centers. A silent mental health crisis exists among South Asian communities. The World Unpacked is a monthly foreign policy podcast that breaks down the hottest global issues of today with experts, journalists, and policymakers who can explain what is happening, why it matters, and where we go from here. This campaign did not follow classical counterinsurgency best practices; instead, the Pakistani militarys suppression of the TTP saw high levels of state violence, refugee displacement, disappearances, and expansive surveillance. India and Pakistan continue to heavily garrison areas of insurgency, regardless of violence levels. %%EOF 0000004679 00000 n -- Volume 26, Number 1, April 2011, Editorial Board Yet, their governments seem to have not fully prioritized combating these challenges. Political Violence in South Asia: The Triumph of the State? Key findings about Across all South Asian countries, patriarchal values and social norms tend to privilege men and boys access to opportunities and control over resources. These inequalities are manifested across the life cycle from conception, to birth, to childhood, adolescence through to adult life. Climate change in South Asia The resulting squeeze on real income is severe, particularly for the regions poor who spend a large share of their income on food. In some cases, it came through bargaining and political accommodation; in others, the raw application of extremely intense violence; in still others, a long and slow process of containment that has led to a relatively low level of violence even without a real resolution of conflict. Suppressing violence is not necessarily the same as resolving conflict. Immigrants from Mexico (7%) and Central America (11%) were the least likely to have a bachelors or higher. Following seven decades of Soviet rule, these newly independent countries are reasserting their distinct national identities through events such as the World Nomad Games, where traditional sports like horseback archery, golden eagle hunting, and high-speed yurt-building are on full display. How has this transformation occurred? Two prominent causes of family conflict arise when South Asian adolescents and young adults wish to start dating or pursue a career that is discerned to be unacceptable by the parents. Governments have established greater control of previously contested territories, deployed new technologies of surveillance, and, in some cases, fused party rule with state coercive power. 0000001544 00000 n 0000001364 00000 n -- Volume 22, Number 1, April 2007, Editorial Board Its home to 1.3 billion people and has twenty-two official regional languages. Crucially, however, this resurgence of state coercive power remains contested: while a new era of powerful states untroubled by internal competitors may have begun, there are reasons to be cautious. It is also important that South Asian youth and families have discussions about their mental health struggles and learn ways to improve them. Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent this year - a downward revision of 1 percentage point from the forecast made in June. -- Volume 33, Number S, 2018, Editorial Board What are the main social problems in South Asia? It is a sea change. These changes across South Asia may be permanent, heralding the dominance of the state after a long period of persistent insurgent challenges. India and Pakistan account for 86 percent of the regions total population and, along with Bangladesh, rank among the worlds ten largest countries by population. Issues like water scarcity, poverty, food insecurity, resource depletion, climate change, environmental degradation, inadequacy of health services, and so forth directly affect millions of South Asians. in South Asia There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. But how long does this pride last? The same is true of the internal security buildup, both in terms of funding and MHA force sizes, as well as the policies toward both the Northeast and Naxalite-influenced areas. ?\xx~,~P$ 0elqglOAAp0E` > dmslu%eg0$GM[M'LF jM To learn more about cookies, click here. Figure 3 shows the sanctioned strengths of Indias two largest central police forces, the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) and Border Security Force (BSF), from 1988 to 2018.3 The BSF has a major role in J&K, and the CRPF is heavily deployed across Indias areas of insurgency; both have expanded dramatically. ~o hc}0`SctnEKjkf|;5SLg0]{7{rRr^"z1asq1vp[WDG5)2?,=Ma;M),n^\e}H V Moreover, migration of mostly young men has led to rising divorce rates in Central Asian countries, where its not uncommon for one parent to be abroad for most of the year. 0000000896 00000 n How mental health issues get stigmatized in South Asian A silent mental health crisis exists among South Asian communities. Global data and statistics, research and publications, and topics in poverty and development, The World Banks digital platform for live-streaming, Environmental and Social Policies for Projects, International Development Association (IDA). The figures show that in J&K and the Northeast, the late 1990s and early 2000s saw intense conflict. -- Volume 21, Number 1, April 2006. South Asia Its constitution recognizes twenty-two languages, and its population is bigger than Africas. In extreme cases, there were fears of partial or total state failure. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Three states have populations of over one hundred million people. A participant at the 2018 World Nomad Games at Kyrchyn Gorge, Kyrgyzstan. Finally, the paper anticipates a call for the collective colloquium of south Asian social movements. While the growing dominance of state power may become a new, enduring status quo, analysts should pay careful attention to potential triggers of new or renewed revolt. This paper contributes to the debate on the Sustainable Development Goals progress by evaluating the MDGs achievements in South Asia and the policy and institutional challenges deriving from such experience. Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent -- Volume 32, Number 3, November 2017, Editorial Board 1 On the edges of South Asia, Myanmar sees a broadly similar patternthough important insurgencies continue, a patchwork project of ceasefires combined with ongoing state repression has forged a degree of ugly stability in areas of enduring conflict. The forces pursued a grim counterinsurgency policy: extrajudicial killings, disappearances, and a heavy security footprint coupled with surveillance and monitoring. This is another reason for mental health challenges like depression and anxiety, especially in women who may feel like they are putting the familys honour at risk by dating. South Asia Children of South Asian immigrants may face challenges associated with the pressure of straddling two different worlds. Such large populations, especially when concentrated in small areas, present specific challenges: natural disasters have a potentially more devastating effect, and disease can spread quicker. Breakdown or factionalization within the regime could trigger intense instability. 0000007388 00000 n Yet, in some countries, ideas about gender are evolving. Since 2000, India has faced insurgencies in three geographic areas. In the face of these shocks, countries need to build stronger fiscal and monetary buffers, and reorient scarce resources towards strengthening resilience to protect their people.. There has been less political accommodation than in Indias Northeast, and human rights abuses are pervasive, fusing counterinsurgency with the broader political objectives of the military in managing Pakistans political sphere. Top Left: Sri Lankan Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1960), Top Right: Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto (1988), Bottom Left: Nepalese President Bidhya Devi Bhandari (2016), Bottom Right: Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1971), Source: (Clockwise starting from top left) Keystone/Getty Images, Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, AFP/GettyImages, Eric Piper/Getty Images. While economic distress is weighing down all South Asian countries, some are coping better than others. Exports and the services sector in India, the regions largest economy, have recovered more strongly than the world average while its ample foreign reserves served as a buffer to external shocks. There are various currents of social movements, today, across the region, which have become strengthened and highly vocal over last three decades. Traditional and Non-Traditional Security Threats to South Asia Some years are missing because specific data on sanctioned force size was not included in the annual reports for those years. A chart showing the percentage of Kyrgyzstan's GDP that remittances make up. Unlike other regions of the world, many of South Asias most powerful leaders have been and are women; however, a majority of these women come from political dynasties. Second, the increasingly volatile international politics of the region may provide new incentives for governments to support armed groups across borders, tapping into preexisting conflicts and grievances. MHA expenditures rose an average of 15 percent annually from 20112012 to 20202021, with expenditures for police specifically rising 12 percent annually on average. To encourage culturally sensitive therapy, mental health professionals must actively make an effort in understanding their clients cultural background and belief system through continued education and consultation with colleagues from a similar cultural background. get ideas into movement. 06 July 2021 South Asia countries are among the most vulnerable globally to the impacts of climate change. The combined effects of COVID-19 and the record-high commodity prices due to the war in Ukraine took a heavier toll on Sri Lanka, exacerbating its debt woes and depleting foreign reserves. One way to do this is to ask mental health experts to host community workshops specifically for South Asian communities. This creates an internal struggle among South Asians who have been socialized to believe that family loyalty is of utmost importance. The Indian Army also has an important presence in J&K and the Northeast, contributing to a vast security footprint that can suppress insurgent violence. Sign up to receive emails from Carnegies South Asia Program! Project MUSE promotes the creation and dissemination of essential humanities and social science resources through collaboration with libraries, publishers, and scholars worldwide. -- Volume 29, Number 3, November 2014, Editorial Board 3 These data are drawn from MHA annual reports. This has not been a seamless process, and there have been various forms of political violence and conflict since the end of the civil war, but the war has nevertheless decisively ended. 2023 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. This article focuses on the core states of the Indian subcontinent. But there are downsides too. India is home to one billion Hindus, as well as most of the worlds Sikhs, Jains, Zoroastrians, and Bahais. The analysis presented will contribute to defining Americas Role in Asia. Although Paul Staniland is a nonresident scholar in the South Asia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. State police forces have been built up in conflict areas, fueled in part by infusions of resources from the central government. Research has repeatedly demonstrated that a fulfilling career leads to better life satisfaction, and as a result, lower psychological problems. WebSouth Asia is one of the most vulnerable regions globally to a number of direct and indirect effects of climate change, including sea level rise, cyclonic activity, and changes in ambient temperature and precipitation patterns. South Asian countries report the highest prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) globally. Despite having a long historical background, critics suggest that the social movements are increasingly contested with identity politics and agrarian issues. All of the active conflict zones remain potential areas of resurgence (for instance, the TTP has been trying to re-consolidate), but, compared to a decade ago, Pakistans security establishment has achieved a major shift in the balance of forces. Most of the environmental issues in Southeast Asia are inextricably linked, and working to ameliorate one will often have added benefits for the others. 0000033910 00000 n Key findings about Washington, DC 20036-2103. Dragons and Tigers is the only textbook that covers all three regions South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia in one textbook. When young South Asian adults pursue a career that their family approves of instead of one that they find personally fulfilling, they might feel proud for maintaining family expectations. Asians are less likely than Americans overall to live in poverty (10% vs. 13% as of 2019). -- Volume 36, Number 3, November 2021, Editorial Board This could lead to more awareness of the diversity of mental health conditions and knowledge on how to seek help and resources within their communities. These approaches to therapy are difficult to translate across language and cultures without appropriate modification. -- Volume 24, Number 1, April 2009, Editorial Board It also helps adjust to shocks such as climate events to which South Asias rural poor are particularly vulnerable, said Hans Timmer, World Bank Chief Economist for South Asia. These gender inequalities continue into adulthood. Chinese support for insurgents in the Northeast, meanwhile, dropped off dramatically in the 1970s and 1980s. Get the latest news from World101, including teaching resources and special offers. The state is resurgent, and insurgencies have been eliminated or contained. The second factor in reducing insurgent violence has been Indias effective use of ceasefires, demobilization deals, and amnesties in the Northeast to peel off and demobilize insurgent factions. -- Volume 36, Number 2, July 2021, Editorial Board
This site uses cookies to optimize functionality and give you the best possible experience. In the Global South there is a huge research gap in linking the social movements and power dynamics within the societies. All rights reserved. None of this implies that the military has monopolized violence. Nevertheless, a large security presence has been established in Tamil areas, justified by the specter of resurgent revolt, and state forces have not been held accountable for past human rights abuses. With this knowledge, they can identify some of the early signs of mental health issues. We provide a wide array of financial products and technical assistance, and we help countries share and apply innovative knowledge and solutions to the challenges they face. In a complex, changing, and increasingly contested world, the Carnegie Endowment generates strategic ideas and independent analysis, supports diplomacy, and trains the next generation of international scholar-practitioners to help countries and institutions take on the most difficult global problems and safeguard peace. -- Volume 33, Number 2, July 2018, Editorial Board In this context, this essay explores whether and how there is contestation in the south Asian social movements. While it has not disappeared and still has the potential for a major resurgence, there has been a dramatic fall from its high point of influence. 2 Both can be accessed at https://satp.org/. The region is characterised by rapidly changing socioeconomic scenario, fast-increasing Non-state armed groups can bolster rather than undermine state power. In India and Sri Lanka, mob violence and vigilantism have occurred with the connivance or tacit neglect of leading political parties. Riots between Hindu and Muslim groups in India killed over a thousand people in 2002. Forged from a partnership between a university press and a library, Project MUSE is a trusted part of the academic and scholarly community it serves. A chart showing the death rate of diarrheal diseases in Bangladesh going down as the percentage of people in Bangladesh using at least basic sanitation services goes up over the years. But since the Soviet Unions collapse in 1991, Russian language instruction in schools has substantially decreased, Russian media is now hard to come by, and many of Central Asias younger generations are instead opting today to pursue the languages of rising powers like China. %PDF-1.4
%
While there is a heavy security force presence in the region, there has also been space for long-running ceasefires and negotiations that reduce violence even when they do not fully resolve contested political issues. 2715 North Charles StreetBaltimore, Maryland, USA 21218. These trajectories matter because political exclusion and partial democracies marked by factionalism can contribute to revolt, especially when combined with a potentially more volatile international environment. Some may still follow through with their desires in secrecy, but live in a constant fear of being found out. In Sri Lanka, the period of victory over the LTTE and its aftermath saw autocratization under the rule of the Rajapaksa family, a trend that changed when a new government came to power in 2015. The major insurgencies in India have seen a downward trend in lethal violence; the TTP has been badly degraded; the Tamil Tigers have been destroyed; Nepals Maoists have been incorporated into a new Nepali political system; and Bangladeshs descent into competitive authoritarianism has been grimly accompanied by a reduction in direct anti-state violence.1. State of Social Movements in South Asia: Critical Nowhere is this trend clearer than in language. People and Society - South & Central Asia | World101 Existing violence data is not adequate to make fine-grained claims: it is likely that official records undercount civilian deaths, and both media and government reports can be highly unreliable in their distinctions between civilians and militants. trailer
Secondly, policymakers can de-risk migration through several means including more flexible visa policies, mechanisms to support migrant workers during shocks, and social protection programs. The first is in Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), where insurgency arose in the late 1980s following a rigged state assembly election and has continued ever since at varying levels of intensity. You are leaving the website for the Carnegie-Tsinghua Center for Global Policy and entering a website for another of Carnegie's global centers. A silent mental health crisis exists among South Asian communities. The World Unpacked is a monthly foreign policy podcast that breaks down the hottest global issues of today with experts, journalists, and policymakers who can explain what is happening, why it matters, and where we go from here. This campaign did not follow classical counterinsurgency best practices; instead, the Pakistani militarys suppression of the TTP saw high levels of state violence, refugee displacement, disappearances, and expansive surveillance. India and Pakistan continue to heavily garrison areas of insurgency, regardless of violence levels. %%EOF
0000004679 00000 n
-- Volume 26, Number 1, April 2011, Editorial Board Yet, their governments seem to have not fully prioritized combating these challenges. Political Violence in South Asia: The Triumph of the State? Key findings about Across all South Asian countries, patriarchal values and social norms tend to privilege men and boys access to opportunities and control over resources. These inequalities are manifested across the life cycle from conception, to birth, to childhood, adolescence through to adult life. Climate change in South Asia The resulting squeeze on real income is severe, particularly for the regions poor who spend a large share of their income on food. In some cases, it came through bargaining and political accommodation; in others, the raw application of extremely intense violence; in still others, a long and slow process of containment that has led to a relatively low level of violence even without a real resolution of conflict. Suppressing violence is not necessarily the same as resolving conflict. Immigrants from Mexico (7%) and Central America (11%) were the least likely to have a bachelors or higher. Following seven decades of Soviet rule, these newly independent countries are reasserting their distinct national identities through events such as the World Nomad Games, where traditional sports like horseback archery, golden eagle hunting, and high-speed yurt-building are on full display. How has this transformation occurred? Two prominent causes of family conflict arise when South Asian adolescents and young adults wish to start dating or pursue a career that is discerned to be unacceptable by the parents. Governments have established greater control of previously contested territories, deployed new technologies of surveillance, and, in some cases, fused party rule with state coercive power. 0000001544 00000 n
0000001364 00000 n
-- Volume 22, Number 1, April 2007, Editorial Board Its home to 1.3 billion people and has twenty-two official regional languages. Crucially, however, this resurgence of state coercive power remains contested: while a new era of powerful states untroubled by internal competitors may have begun, there are reasons to be cautious. It is also important that South Asian youth and families have discussions about their mental health struggles and learn ways to improve them. Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent this year - a downward revision of 1 percentage point from the forecast made in June. -- Volume 33, Number S, 2018, Editorial Board What are the main social problems in South Asia? It is a sea change. These changes across South Asia may be permanent, heralding the dominance of the state after a long period of persistent insurgent challenges. India and Pakistan account for 86 percent of the regions total population and, along with Bangladesh, rank among the worlds ten largest countries by population. Issues like water scarcity, poverty, food insecurity, resource depletion, climate change, environmental degradation, inadequacy of health services, and so forth directly affect millions of South Asians. in South Asia There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. But how long does this pride last? The same is true of the internal security buildup, both in terms of funding and MHA force sizes, as well as the policies toward both the Northeast and Naxalite-influenced areas. ?\xx~,~P$ 0elqglOAAp0E` >
dmslu%eg0$GM[M'LF jM To learn more about cookies, click here. Figure 3 shows the sanctioned strengths of Indias two largest central police forces, the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) and Border Security Force (BSF), from 1988 to 2018.3 The BSF has a major role in J&K, and the CRPF is heavily deployed across Indias areas of insurgency; both have expanded dramatically. ~o hc}0`SctnEKjkf|;5SLg0]{7{rRr^"z1asq1vp[WDG5)2?,=Ma;M),n^\e}H V
Moreover, migration of mostly young men has led to rising divorce rates in Central Asian countries, where its not uncommon for one parent to be abroad for most of the year. 0000000896 00000 n
How mental health issues get stigmatized in South Asian A silent mental health crisis exists among South Asian communities. Global data and statistics, research and publications, and topics in poverty and development, The World Banks digital platform for live-streaming, Environmental and Social Policies for Projects, International Development Association (IDA). The figures show that in J&K and the Northeast, the late 1990s and early 2000s saw intense conflict. -- Volume 21, Number 1, April 2006. South Asia Its constitution recognizes twenty-two languages, and its population is bigger than Africas. In extreme cases, there were fears of partial or total state failure. This website is using a security service to protect itself from online attacks. Three states have populations of over one hundred million people. A participant at the 2018 World Nomad Games at Kyrchyn Gorge, Kyrgyzstan. Finally, the paper anticipates a call for the collective colloquium of south Asian social movements. While the growing dominance of state power may become a new, enduring status quo, analysts should pay careful attention to potential triggers of new or renewed revolt. This paper contributes to the debate on the Sustainable Development Goals progress by evaluating the MDGs achievements in South Asia and the policy and institutional challenges deriving from such experience. Released today, the latest South Asia Economic Focus, Coping with Shocks: Migration and the Road to Resilience, projects regional growth to average 5.8 percent -- Volume 32, Number 3, November 2017, Editorial Board 1 On the edges of South Asia, Myanmar sees a broadly similar patternthough important insurgencies continue, a patchwork project of ceasefires combined with ongoing state repression has forged a degree of ugly stability in areas of enduring conflict. The forces pursued a grim counterinsurgency policy: extrajudicial killings, disappearances, and a heavy security footprint coupled with surveillance and monitoring. This is another reason for mental health challenges like depression and anxiety, especially in women who may feel like they are putting the familys honour at risk by dating. South Asia Children of South Asian immigrants may face challenges associated with the pressure of straddling two different worlds. Such large populations, especially when concentrated in small areas, present specific challenges: natural disasters have a potentially more devastating effect, and disease can spread quicker. Breakdown or factionalization within the regime could trigger intense instability. 0000007388 00000 n
Yet, in some countries, ideas about gender are evolving. Since 2000, India has faced insurgencies in three geographic areas. In the face of these shocks, countries need to build stronger fiscal and monetary buffers, and reorient scarce resources towards strengthening resilience to protect their people.. There has been less political accommodation than in Indias Northeast, and human rights abuses are pervasive, fusing counterinsurgency with the broader political objectives of the military in managing Pakistans political sphere. Top Left: Sri Lankan Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaranaike (1960), Top Right: Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto (1988), Bottom Left: Nepalese President Bidhya Devi Bhandari (2016), Bottom Right: Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi (1971), Source: (Clockwise starting from top left) Keystone/Getty Images, Gamma-Rapho/Getty Images, AFP/GettyImages, Eric Piper/Getty Images. While economic distress is weighing down all South Asian countries, some are coping better than others. Exports and the services sector in India, the regions largest economy, have recovered more strongly than the world average while its ample foreign reserves served as a buffer to external shocks. There are various currents of social movements, today, across the region, which have become strengthened and highly vocal over last three decades. Traditional and Non-Traditional Security Threats to South Asia Some years are missing because specific data on sanctioned force size was not included in the annual reports for those years.
A chart showing the percentage of Kyrgyzstan's GDP that remittances make up. Unlike other regions of the world, many of South Asias most powerful leaders have been and are women; however, a majority of these women come from political dynasties. Second, the increasingly volatile international politics of the region may provide new incentives for governments to support armed groups across borders, tapping into preexisting conflicts and grievances. MHA expenditures rose an average of 15 percent annually from 20112012 to 20202021, with expenditures for police specifically rising 12 percent annually on average. To encourage culturally sensitive therapy, mental health professionals must actively make an effort in understanding their clients cultural background and belief system through continued education and consultation with colleagues from a similar cultural background. get ideas into movement. 06 July 2021 South Asia countries are among the most vulnerable globally to the impacts of climate change. The combined effects of COVID-19 and the record-high commodity prices due to the war in Ukraine took a heavier toll on Sri Lanka, exacerbating its debt woes and depleting foreign reserves. One way to do this is to ask mental health experts to host community workshops specifically for South Asian communities. This creates an internal struggle among South Asians who have been socialized to believe that family loyalty is of utmost importance. The Indian Army also has an important presence in J&K and the Northeast, contributing to a vast security footprint that can suppress insurgent violence. Sign up to receive emails from Carnegies South Asia Program! Project MUSE promotes the creation and dissemination of essential humanities and social science resources through collaboration with libraries, publishers, and scholars worldwide. -- Volume 29, Number 3, November 2014, Editorial Board 3 These data are drawn from MHA annual reports. This has not been a seamless process, and there have been various forms of political violence and conflict since the end of the civil war, but the war has nevertheless decisively ended. 2023 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. This article focuses on the core states of the Indian subcontinent. But there are downsides too. India is home to one billion Hindus, as well as most of the worlds Sikhs, Jains, Zoroastrians, and Bahais. The analysis presented will contribute to defining Americas Role in Asia. Although Paul Staniland is a nonresident scholar in the South Asia Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. State police forces have been built up in conflict areas, fueled in part by infusions of resources from the central government. Research has repeatedly demonstrated that a fulfilling career leads to better life satisfaction, and as a result, lower psychological problems. WebSouth Asia is one of the most vulnerable regions globally to a number of direct and indirect effects of climate change, including sea level rise, cyclonic activity, and changes in ambient temperature and precipitation patterns. South Asian countries report the highest prevalence of common mental disorders (CMDs) globally. Despite having a long historical background, critics suggest that the social movements are increasingly contested with identity politics and agrarian issues. All of the active conflict zones remain potential areas of resurgence (for instance, the TTP has been trying to re-consolidate), but, compared to a decade ago, Pakistans security establishment has achieved a major shift in the balance of forces. Most of the environmental issues in Southeast Asia are inextricably linked, and working to ameliorate one will often have added benefits for the others. 0000033910 00000 n
Key findings about Washington, DC 20036-2103. Dragons and Tigers is the only textbook that covers all three regions South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia in one textbook. When young South Asian adults pursue a career that their family approves of instead of one that they find personally fulfilling, they might feel proud for maintaining family expectations. Asians are less likely than Americans overall to live in poverty (10% vs. 13% as of 2019). -- Volume 36, Number 3, November 2021, Editorial Board This could lead to more awareness of the diversity of mental health conditions and knowledge on how to seek help and resources within their communities. These approaches to therapy are difficult to translate across language and cultures without appropriate modification. -- Volume 24, Number 1, April 2009, Editorial Board It also helps adjust to shocks such as climate events to which South Asias rural poor are particularly vulnerable, said Hans Timmer, World Bank Chief Economist for South Asia. These gender inequalities continue into adulthood. Chinese support for insurgents in the Northeast, meanwhile, dropped off dramatically in the 1970s and 1980s. Get the latest news from World101, including teaching resources and special offers. The state is resurgent, and insurgencies have been eliminated or contained. The second factor in reducing insurgent violence has been Indias effective use of ceasefires, demobilization deals, and amnesties in the Northeast to peel off and demobilize insurgent factions. -- Volume 36, Number 2, July 2021, Editorial Board Neil Kamimura Wiki,
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